1. He is a noted proponent of the causal theory of reference. 2. A Causal Theory of Knowing uses figures which make explicit references to causal beliefs. 3. The same motivations apply to causal theories in regard to other sorts of terms. 4. Just as with the causal theories , the correlation can work through productivity effects or through prejudice. 5. This follows from the causal theory of reference. 6. A Causal Theory of Knowing was Goldman s first published paper explaining his own views of epistemology. 7. From A Causal Theory of Knowing, Goldman constructs the idea that memory is also a causal process. 8. Fodor responds to this problem with what he defines as " a slightly less crude causal theory ". 9. A causal theory avoids these difficulties. 10. According to this approach, it is necessary to break the symmetry at the base of the crude causal theory .